Research Faculty

Khohchahar E. Chuluu

Khohchahar E. Chuluu

Associate Professor
Department of Pioneering Asian Studies,
Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia
echuluu[at]
Research theme: Comparative Asian Law and History

Comparative Asian Law and History

Research Topics



・Comparative Asian law and history
・Mongolian legal history
・Inner and East Asian history
・Environmental and Climate justice

Research activities

Edited Books
  • Khohchahar E. Chuluu, Takeshi Sasaki, Kumi Takada,, and Yumiko Marumoto, eds. Status and Economy: Jigakusha, Tokyo, 2019.
Thesis
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “A Study on the Banner Judicial System in Mongolia During the Qing Period.” PhD diss., Kyoto University (PhD thesis), 2013. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Law and Justice in the Alasha Banner During the Qing Period.” PhD diss., Kyoto University (master thesis), 2008. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “An Anthropological Study on Local Legal Systems in Modern Mongolian Society.” PhD diss., Hokkaido University(PhD research paper no. 1), 2006. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “An Empirical Study on the Changes in Nomadic Production and Investigation into the External Factor for These Changes: A Case Study of Qangγin Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.” PhD diss., Aomori University (master thesis), 2005. (in Japanese)
Articles and Book Chapters
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Political and Legal Structures.”A Cultural History of East Asia in the Medieval Age: Bloomsbury. Eds. by Masaaki Itakura and Takahiro Nakajima 2023.12: forthcoming.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Environmental Justice in Asia.”The Palgrave Handbook of Global Sustainability: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. ed. by Robert Brinkmann. 2023.3: 1-13. [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Spatial Punishment and Penal Labour in 18th to 19th Century East Asia.”Punishment, Labour and the Legitimation of Power: Amsterdam University Press. eds. by Adam Fagbore and Christian G. De Vito. 2022.12: forthcoming.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Between the Banner Government Office and the Countryside: Social Structure and Judicial Practices in the Otog Banner of Qing Mongolia, Part Two.”Tүүхийн Cудлал (Studia Historica): Mongolian Academy of Science, 2021 2021.6: in print. (in Mongolian)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Justice in the Right Banner of the Qaračin Mongols in the Qing Period.” Menggulehu MongolkhuuFalvshi Pinglun: Sichuan University Faculty of Law 16 2021.4: 73-102. (in Chinese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Tongpo Case: Indigenous Institutions and Environmental Justice in China.”Critical Asian Studies 53, no. 1 2021.1: 109-125. [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Between the Banner Government Office and the Countryside: Social Structure and Judicial Practices in the Otog Banner of Qing Mongolia, Part One.”Tүүхийн Cудлал (Studia Historica): Mongolian Academy of Science, 2020 2020.6: 168-188. (in Mongolian)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Social Structure and Legal System of the Buryats under the Russian Empire: A Comparison with Qing Mongolia.”The Memoirs of the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia: Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia 176 2019.12: 95-126. (in Japanese) [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Slave or Subject? Master-Servant Bondages and Human Selling in Qing Mongolia.”Status and Economy (mibun to keizai): Jigakusha. eds. by Khohchahar E. Chuluu, Takeshi Sasaki, Kumi Takada, and Yumiko Marumoto. 2019.12: 13‒60. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Chinese-Related Cases from the Nagasaki Magistrate’s Case Records,.”Newsletter of Oriental Legal History Studies Society, no. 32 2018.8: 1-7. (in Japanese) [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Formation and Regulations of the Military Hunt in Qing Mongolia.”Inner Asia 20, no. 1 2018.6: 5-25. [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Between the Banner Government Office and the Countryside: Social Structure and Judicial Practices in the Otog Banner of Qing Mongolia.”Legal History Review (Hōseishi kenkyū): Seibundo 67 2018.3: 41‒97. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Civil Case Records in Early Modern Japan: An Examination of the Kōri Magistrate Documents from the Matsue Domain.” Journal of Information Studies. Vol. 94: The University of Tokyo Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, 2018: 61-64. (in Japanese) [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Encircling Hunt of Mongolia: Institutional Structures and Socio-Political Implications.” The Memoirs of the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia. Vol. 172: Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, 2017: 98‒65 (25‒58). [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Comparing Legal Cultures: Civil Case Settlements in Local Courts in Early Modern Mongolia, Japan, and China.” Journal of Korean Legal History. Vol. 56: The Korean Society of Legal History 한국법사학회, 2017: 123‒50.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Making of Mongolian Judicial Records: Chancellery Practices of the Alasha Banner Under the Qing Empire.”Zentralasiatische Studien (ZAS) 46 2017: 7-28.
  • Mamoru, Hagihara, and Chuluu Khohchahar E. “Research Trends Regarding Mongolian Legal History.”Translated by Cai Hong, and Menggulehu (Mongolkhuu)Studies of China’s Frontier Region and Nationalities (Zhongguo bianjiang minzu yanjiu) 10 2016.11: 209‒41. (in Chinese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “A Study on Local Judicial Systems in Mongolia between the 18th and the early 20th Century.”Research Reports of the 2013-Year Grant Recipients of the Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation 51 2014.11: 115-117. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Land Tenure in Pre-modern Mongolia: An Approach Based on New Sources from the Qing Era,.” ЧИН УЛС БА МОНГОЛЧУУД. Edited by Ока Хироки, CNEAS Reports: Meirinsha, 2014: 267-268. (in Mongolian)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Study of Mongolian Legal History: New Approaches Based on Local Documents.”Cultural Heritage of the Mongols: Manuscript and Archival Collections in St. Petersburg and Ulaanbaatar: Russian Academy of Sciences and Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2014.4: 40-53.
  • Mamoru, Hagihara, and Chuluu Khohchahar E. “Research Trends Regarding Mongolian Legal History.”Legal History Review 64 2014.3: 171-211. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Justice in the Right Banner of the Qaračin Mongols in the Qing Period.” Tohoku ajia kenkyu. Vol. 16: Tohoku ajia kenkyu center, 2012: 167-204. (in Japanese) [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of the Alaša Banner in Qing Mongolia(3).”Hogakuronso: Kyoto Law Review, Published by the Kyoto University Law Association 170, no. 3 2011.12: 119-139. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of the Alaša Banner in Qing Mongolia(2).”Hogakuronso: Kyoto Law Review, Published by the Kyoto University Law Association 170, no. 2 2011.11: 136-161. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of the Alaša Banner in Qing Mongolia(1).”Hogakuronso: Kyoto Law Review, Published by the Kyoto University Law Association 170, no. 1 2011.10: 101-119. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of the Alaša Banner in the Qing Period: A Legal Historical Study Based on Local Archival Materials.”Research Reports of the 2009-Year Grant Recipients of the Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation 47 2010.11: 102-104. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Judicial Document of the Alaša Banner: An Analysis of Its Style.”Inner Asian Studies: Society of Inner Asian Studies 25 2010.3: 75-95. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Rules and Regulations of the Mongolian Villages in Qinghai.”Journal of Original Ecological National Culture 1, no. 2 2009.9: 61-64. (in Chinese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Customary Law of the Kӧke’nuur Mongols in the Banner-League Age.”Northern Studies Association Bulletin: Northern Studies Association 13 2008.12. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Conflict Between Indigenous Customs and Economic Development in Kӧke’nuur [Qinghai] Mongols.”Dry Land Monographs: The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies 5 2008.4: 1-9. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “A Study of External Factors as Explanatory Variable for Changes in Nomadic Production: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.”Forest Economy: Forest Economic Research Institute 59, no. 11 2007.2: 1-16. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Conflicts between People in the Steppe and Herders’ Rules and Regulations.”Dry Land Monographs: The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies 4 2006.12: 17-20. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Taboos for Protecting Natural Environment in the Köke’nuur Mongols.”Dry Land Monographs: The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies 3 2005: 7-8. (in Japanese)
Book Reviews
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “By Mamoru Hagihara, The Time Limit for Arresting Criminals in Mongolia during Manchu Ch’ing Period (Legal History Review, 2018).”Legal History Review: Japan Legal History Association 70 (2021.4): 399-401. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “By Akagi Takatoshi et al., The Stories of Yuan dianzhang: The Various Aspects of Legal Compilation in the Yuan Period (Suita: Osaka daigaku shuppankai, 2017. pp. 359).”Legal History Review 68 (2019.3): 336-230. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “By Bettine Birge, Marriage and the Law in the Age of Khubilai Khan: Cases from the Yuan dianzhang (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017. pp. 336).”International Journal of Asian Studies 16, no. 1 (2019.1): 68-70. [Link]
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Edited by Vesna A. Wallace, 2015, Buddhism in Mongolian History, Culture, and Society. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.”H-Asia (2017.9). [Link]
Conference
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. ““Judicial Documents of Early Modern Japan and Mongolia,”.” Presented at the the Autumn Open-Lecture of Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The University of Tokyo, October 15 2022. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. ““New Trends in Climate Justice and Its Scholarship,”.” Presented at the Symposium Commemorating the Establishment of the UTokyo Center for Climate Solutions, The University of Tokyo, October 7 2022. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. ““Penal Enslavement and Penal Servitude in Early Modern East Asia,”.” Presented at the 73rd Symposium of Japan Legal History Association, Sophia University, June 12 2022. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Minorities in the Qing Empire.” Presented at the Sixth European Congress on World and Global History under the auspices of The European Network in Universal and Global History (Panel: Minorities in Eurasian empires: their functions for the survival of empires), Åbo Akademi University and Global History Lab, Turku, Finland (Online), June 16 2021.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Penal Labor in 18–19 Century Japan and Mongolia.” Presented at the Punishment, Labour and the Legitimation of Power, BCDSS, University of Bonn, Germany (online), February 18 2021.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. ““A Conceptual Analysis of Slavery in Qing Mongolia,”.” Presented at the 277 th Regular Meeting of the Tokyo Division of Japan Legal History Association, The University of Tokyo, October 26 2019. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Thinking on Hunt.” Presented at the 125th U-Talk, The University of Tokyo, October 13 2018. (in Japanese)
  • khohchahar E. Chuluu,. “From Mongol Law to Asian Law: Source, Approach, and Theory.” Presented at the Asian Research Institute Lecture Series, Osaka University of Economics and Law, Osaka University of Economics and Law, December 20 2017. (in Japanese)
  • khohchahar E. Chuluu,. “Modeling Asian Legal Cultures Through Early Modern Judicial Records.” Presented at the 2017 UT-SNU-NCCU Symposium on “Media in Globalized Asia”, The University of Tokyo, November 24 2017.
  • khohchahar E. Chuluu,. “Women, Power, and Law in Early Modern Hohhot and Nagasaki.” Presented at the Gender, Space, and the City in Global History, The University of Tokyo, October 29 2017.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Civil Case Settlements in Local Courts in Early Modern Asia.” Presented at the The Reality and Nature of Civil Justice in Early Modern East Asia(Korean Society of Legal History 한국법사학회), Soul National University, June 24 2017.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Law, Institutions, and Justice in the Mongol Empire.” Presented at the Networks, Regions and Institutions in Mongol Eurassia: A Meso-Historical Analysis, Hebrew University, May 18 2017.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “State, Justice, and Social Control in Early Modern Mongolia and Asia.” Presented at the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo, Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo, December 15 2016. (in Japanese and English)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “New Mongolian Legal History.” Presented at the Hakubi Autumn Camp 2016, Kyoto University Hakubi Center, December 9 2016.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Being Divided into Two Empires: The Socio-Legal Institutions of the Mongols under the Rule of the Qing Empire and Tsarist Russia.” Presented at the The 8th Workshop on the Comparative Study of the Legal Systems in Modern Central Eurasia, Fushimiya, Shizuoka City, December 3 2016. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Land Grand System: A Legal History of Land in Mongolia.” Presented at the Inner Asian Law and Society: Land Control and Land Use in Historical Perspective, Harvard University, May 10 2016.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Yet Another Layer: Mongolian Judicial System under the Qing Colonial Legal Order.” Presented at the Central Eurasian Studies Colloquium Series, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, April 13 2016.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Beyond the State Law: Judicial Practice in Qing Mongolia.” Presented at the 2016 Association for Asian Studies Annual Conference, panel “Structures, Codes and Episodes: trans-Asian comparison of judicial processes c.1700-1900”, Washington State Convention Center / Seattle Sheraton Hotel, April 2 2016.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Mongol Way: Administration, Justice, and Law in Qing Mongolia.” Presented at the Harvard-Yenching Lunch Talk Series, co-organized by Harvard-Yenching Institute, the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, and East Asian Legal Studies, Harvard University, March 3 2016.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Legalized Social Status: A History of Social Stratification in Mongolia.” Presented at the Inner Asian and Altaic Studies Lecture Series, Harvard University, December 3 2015.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Circular Hunt of Mongolia: An Essay on Its Institutional and Sociopolitical Structure.” Presented at the New Directions in the History of Central and Inner Asia, Harvard University, September 8 2015.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Role of the Social Status System in Pre-Modern Mongolia.” Presented at the the Graduate School of Law, the Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University, July 4 2015. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Historical and Social Characteristics of the Judicial Documents in Qing Mongolia: A Study Focused on the Judicial Records at Local Governments.” Presented at the The 255th Regular Meeting of the Tokyo Division of the Japanese Legal History Association, Waseda University, May 23 2015. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Organization and Regulation of Circular Hunt in Mongolia: From Traditional Period to Present.” Presented at the The 437th Regular Meeting of the Kinki Division of the Japanese Legal History Association, Kyoto University, May 16 2015. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Classification of People and Systematization of Hierarchy in 17th to 19th Century Mongolia.” Presented at the Mongol Law: New Questions and New Approaches, Kyoto University, February 27 2015.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Religion and Justice in a Transitional Inner Asian Society: The Case of the Mongols in China.” Presented at the Transformation of Law in the Age of Globalization, Doshisha University, December 14 2014.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Protecting the Holy Mountain: Conflicts between Mongols and Mining Companies in North-Eastern Tibetan Plateau.” Presented at the Inner Asian Law and Society: Religion and Justice, University of Oxford, November 14 2014.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Skill-Dependent Justice.” Presented at the The 75th Hakubi Seminar, Hakubi Center of Kyoto University, March 4 2014.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Power, Order, and Justice in Mongolia between the 18th and 20th Century.” Presented at the Socio-Legal Discussion Group Seminar, University of Oxford, February 20 2014.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Legal System of the Buriat Mongols under the Rule of Imperial Russia.” Presented at the The 2th Workshop on the Comparative Study of the Legal Systems in Modern Central Eurasia, the Shizuoka Center for Communication between Industry and Scholarship, November 30 2013. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “An Introductory Study on the Legal System of the Buriat Mongols under the Rule of Imperial Russia.” Presented at the The 31th Workshop on Oriental Legal History, Hananomaru Hotel, Aichi Prefecture, August 20 2013. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Local Documents and a New Approach to the Study of Mongolian Legal History.” Presented at the Cultural Heritage of the Mongols: Manuscript and Archival Collections in St. Petersburg and Ulaanbaatar(Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences), St. Petersburg, Russia, April 20 2013.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “A Study on the Banner Judicial Systems in Mongolia During the Qing Period.” Presented at the Basic Law Seminar, the Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University, January 6 2013. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Governance and Justice in the Banners in Qing Mongolia.” Presented at the The 12th Workshop on the Legal Systems of Central Asia, Shizuoka University, December 16 2012. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of Mongolia During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The 425th Regular Meeting of the Kinki Division of the Japanese Legal History Association, Nakanoshima Center of Osaka University, December 15 2012. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial System of the Otoγ Banner of Yeke-ǰuu League During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The 2012 Autumn Symposium of the Japan Association for Mongolian Studies, Ehime University, November 17 2012. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Alaša Model: Administrative and Justice System in the Alaša Banner During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The Second International Symposium on the Theme of: NEW HORIZON OF OYIRAD – MONGOL STUDIES, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, September 14 2012.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Land-Related Source Materials from Southern Mongolia During the Qing Period: A New View on the Framework of Land Tenure in Traditional Mongolia.” Presented at the ЧИНГИЙН ЭЗЭНТ УЛС БА МОНГОЛЧУУД: төр ба нийгэм, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, September 7 2012.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Ruling Structure and Justice System in Qing Mongolia: Banner Government and Imperial Law.” Presented at the Defining the Jecen: The Evolution of the Qing Frontier, 1644-1912, The University of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Baptist University, May 25 2012.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Public Land Ownership and Private Use: A Historical Overview of Land Tenure in Mongolia.” Presented at the The Public Seminar of the School of Culture, History and Language, Australian National University, Australian National University, March 22 2012.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Circular Battue in Traditional Mongolia: Focus on Its Organization and Regulation.” Presented at the Mongolian Studies Open Conference, Australian National University, November 25 2011.
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Legal Order in Mongolian Local Society During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The 63th Symposium of Japan Legal History Association, Ritsumeikan University, June 4 2011. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Legal Order in Mongolian Local Society During the Qing Period.” Presented at the Basic Law Seminar, he Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University, May 28 2011. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Justice in the Qaračin Mongols During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The 8th Workshop on the Legal System of Central Asia, Shizuoka University, December 4 2010. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “The Judicial Structure of Mongolia During the Qing Period.” Presented at the The 29th Workshop on Oriental Legal History, Hakonesengokuhara Dormitory Hall of Nihon University, August 19 2010. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Judicial Documents of the Alaša Banner: An Analysis of Their Style.” Presented at the The 46th Symposium of the Japan Society for Altaic Studies [The Nojiri Lake Quraltai], Fujiya Hotel, Nagano Prefecture, July 19 2009. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Justice and Governing Structure of the Alaša Banner During the Qing Period.” Presented at the Basic Law Seminar, the Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University, July 4 2009. (in Japanese)
  • Chuluu, Khohchahar E. “Indigenous Customs and State Law Amongst the Köke’nuur Mongols: Based on Fieldwork Data.” Presented at the The 15th Workshop on Modern Chinese Law, Aichi University, September 8 2006. (in Japanese)
Encyclopedia Articles
  • khohchahar E. Chuluu,. “Japanese Bibliography of Mongolian Legal History (1924-2008).” Japanese Bibliography of Mongolian Legal History (1924-2008): Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University, 2009.5 : all. (in Japanese) [Link]

Experience

YearEducation
2020.04-To-Date Associate Professor at the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The University of Tokyo
2020.01-2020.07 Senior Fellow at the Baldy Center for Law and Social Policy, Buffalo Law School, State University of New York
2017.04-2020.03 Associate Professor at the Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo
2016.10-2017.03 Associate Professor at the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The University of Tokyo
2016.02-2016.05 Visiting Assistant Professor of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, at the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, Harvard University
2015.08-2016.08 Visiting Scholar at the Harvard-Yenching Institute, Harvard University
2013.12-2014.11 Academic Visitor at the Centre for Socio-Legal Studies, Faculty of Law, University of Oxford
2013.04-2016.09 Assistant Professor at the Hakube Center for Advanced Research with affiliation to the Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University
2011.06-2012.03 Visiting Fellow at the ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University
2010.04-2013.03 DC1 Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
2007.10-2008.03 Research Student at the Faculty of Law, Kyoto University

● Educational Background
2010.04-2013.03 Doctoral Course, Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University (LL.D.)
2008.04-2010.03 Master Course, Graduate School of Law, Kyoto University (LL.M.)
2005.04-2007.03 Doctoral Course, Graduate School of Letters, Hokkaido University (Specialization: cultural/legal anthropology)
2003.04-2005.03 Master Course, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Aomori University (Env.Sc.M.)
1998.09-2002.07 Undergraduate Course, Faculty of Law, Inner Mongolia University (LL.B.)

YearAcademic experience