■Grid type and 12 pillared type
■True arch and corbelled arch
TERMS 3：
■Grid type and 12 pillared type
■True
arch and corbelled arch
■Space
creation by native masonry-Grid type and 12 pillared type
Post and beam structure is
a native Indian technique. In this method, beams are placed on
pillars, creating a space surrounded by them, and a ceiling is
placed on it. There are two methods of creating a space in this
way. One method is to build pillars on a grid and place beams in
a square. Then put a flat ceiling or laternen deck on the top. In
this case, the span of pillars should be maximum of 2 metres.
This method is not appropriate for a wider space, as pillars
would stand together in large numbers. Another method is to build
4 pillars in each side of a square, 12 pillars in total. Beams
are placed in a square. Crossbeams are placed at the corners,
which stand diagonally so that a corbelled dome can be placed on
top. Using this method enables one to create a space with a
diameter of approximately 7 metres. We call the former "Grid
type" and the latter "12-pillared type".
■How
to pile up stones -True arches and corbelled arch
In case of stone or
brick-made architecture, small parts are often piled up to create
a huge structure. This method of building is generally called
"masonry". When a curved surface like an arch or dome
is constructed in the masonry, the space may be made by piling up
small pieces. Each one of the pieces is pushed to the front
little by little; this is called "corbelled arch
style". On the other hand, there exists a method of
arranging small pieces in a curve so as to make a state in which
each part pushes to hold together; it is called "true-arch
style". With corbel style, it is impossible to construct a
huge arch or dome as normal force works in each part. However,
with true arches, normal force is transmitted to walls or piers
that support the arch or dome, enabling the construction of a
huge space. In the Hindu and Jain architecture in the pre-Islam
period in India, domes and arches were not so popular. In
addition, when a curved surface was constructed, corbelled arch
style was employed. In the Middle East, especially in brick made
buildings in Mesopotamia to Iran, corbelled arch style developed
from an early age. Islamic architecture in the Middle East
succeeded the construction technique, acquiring a way to
construct a huge domed space using a lot of arches.
TERMS TOP /TERMS
2/TERMS
1
Map of the
city surveyed
List
of photographs by facility
